Question: Run openssl with the version parameter. Which version of OpenSSL is installed
on your computer?

OpenSSL 3.4.0

Review the cryptographic algorithms supported by OpenSSL with the openssl
list -cipher-commands command. Write the main families (AES, DES, ...) of supported
algorithms (name the families you recognise):

aes-128-cbc       aes-128-ecb       aes-192-cbc       aes-192-ecb
aes-256-cbc       aes-256-ecb
 des               des-cbc           des-cfb
des-ecb           des-ede           des-ede-cbc       des-ede-cfb
des-ede-ofb       des-ede3          des-ede3-cbc      des-ede3-cfb
des-ede3-ofb      des-ofb           des3              desx

Write down the secret key you used for encryption: testing
Which algorithm doesn't need a secret key? base64

Write down the above algorithms according to strength, from strongest to weakest:
    aes-192-cbc
    base64
    des

Look at the encrypted files (cat command) and describe them (how do they look? Which
characters are within? Is there anything interesting at the beginning of the files? etc.):

Both the aes and des have a Salted word at the beginning of the encrypted file. The base64 looks nice on the cat output while the aes and des have unprintable characters in the file


Write down the commands for decrypting DES and BASE64 encoded files:

openssl enc -d -base64 -in encodec_base64.enc
openssl enc -d -des -in encodec_des.enc

Create MD5 and SHA1 checksum of the file cleartext.txt:
openssl dgst –md5 /tmp/cleartext.txt
openssl dgst –sha1 /tmp/cleartext.txt
What is the difference between checksums (is there a difference in the number of
characters?)?
there is a difference between how many characters are used in hashing.

Both protocols are outdated. Find the command on the Internet to create one of the hashing
protocols supported today. What is the command to create a SHA2 256 bits hash? Which
command can be used to create SHA3 256 bits hash?

openssl dgst -sha3-512 cleartext.txt
openssl dgst -sha2-512 cleartext.txt

What is the command to find out all supported digest (hashing) algorithms
HINT: check the beginning of the exercise when you learned the supported cryptographic
algorithms – it's similar

openssl dgst -list

Select a random password (instead of <<password>>, enter the desired password. Write
down the string you received as a result:$1$Ga9YWsYG$T6VgK9G6BcIC7o8Wrnncq0

Repeat the command with the same password. Did you receive the same result?No

You should have, but you didn’t because the OpenSSL, by default, adds two random
characters as salt. So what is salt, and what is it used for when hashing the password?

A salt is a random number that is needed to access the encrypted data, along with the password.

Add your salt (only two characters because the OpenSSL will ignore the rest):
Choose the same password as above, and add the salt in front of it. Repeat the process
twice. This time the hash should be the same both times. Write down the resulting hash.
(replace <<salt>> with your own, and <<passwd>> with the password as above):

LUKS+bubif@Luks MINGW64 /x/programiranje/crypto
$ openssl passwd -salt 34 testing
$1$34$uDhbEEIhgDCgo06sfpWKA0

LUKS+bubif@Luks MINGW64 /x/programiranje/crypto
$ openssl passwd -salt 34 testing
$1$34$uDhbEEIhgDCgo06sfpWKA0

The MD5 password hash is identified with the first two characters in the result. What is it?
gF

Generate SHA256 and SHA512 hashes. Write down the command used and the hash type
identifiers (first two characters of the resulting hash

openssl dgst -sha512 cleartext.txt
8a
openssl dgst -sha256 cleartext.txt
fb

Test whether the number 119054759245460753 is the prime number. Is it?
Its not prime

Test the number 101. Is it prime? Yes it is prime

What kind of format is the number tested by OpenSSL (Binary? Octal? Decimal?
Hexadecimal?) Please observe that the OpenSSL changes the number format before testing
it! Hexadecimal

Write down the command to test the DES algorithm speed
openssl speed des

For DES (write down the result of the test for des cbc, 64 bytes): 3 seconds